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The Book of Marriage (Kitab Al-Nikah)
Translation of Sahih
Muslim, Book 8:
INTRODUCTION
Marriage is a social institution as old as the human race itself. It may be defined as a relation between a man and a woman which is recognised by custom or law and involves certain rights and duties, both in the case of the parties entering the Union, and in case of the children born of it. Marriage has thus two main functions to perform: it is the means adopted by human society for regulating relations between the sexes; and it furnishes the mechanism by means of which the relations of a child to the community is determined.
The rites and ceremonies of marriage have been different with different peoples and in different ages. but these two functions mentioned above are common even where in marriage. It always implies the right of sexual intercourse as allowed and recognised by society and the duties of the parents in bringing up children.
Islam recognises this institution and accepts it as the basis of human society after purging it of all those evils which had penetrated it.
Firstly, Islam does not regard it as a union only for the gratification of sexual lost, but a social contract with wide and varied responsibilities and duties. The reason behind it is that, according to the Divine Faith, a woman is not a plaything in the hand of man. but a spiritual and moral being who is entrusted to him on the sacred pledge to which Allah is made a witness. The wife is, therefore, not meant. to provide sensuous pleasure only to the male, but to fully co-operate with him in making the life of the family and ultimately of the whole humanity significantly meaningful.
The Holy Qur'an has in so many verses pointed out the different purposes of marriage. It states:" And of His signs is that He has created wives for you from yourselves that you might find quiet of wind in them, and He put between you love and affection" (xxx. 21). In this verse it has been said that the female is not inferior to the male in the sense that the former is created out of a superior stuff while the latter comes of a base origin. Both man and woman are the progeny of Adam and thus both have the same soul. The purpose of marriage, according to the Holy Qur'an, is therefore, the union of the two souls which are one in essence. Their separate existence is an unnatural state of their being which changes Into the natural state when they are united by marriage and thus are brought close to each other physically, mentally and emotionally.
Both man and woman are the joint heirs of the grace of life, and unless there is a very close and intimate form of companionship in them, they cannot enjoy the true grace of life." He it is Who created you from a single soul, and of the same did He make his spouse, that he might find comfort in her" (vii. 189)." Comfort" implies much more than a mere sexual gratification. It is not too much to say that the whole conception of the marriage relation in Islam is charged with spiritual and moral ideas, and must of necessity elevate the status of matrimonial alliance in the individual and social life.
In Islam the union of the sexes has been purified and the joy of the married relation secured by the absolute prohibition of every kind of extra-matzimonial connection. The Holy Qur'an stresses upon the people to marry as it is the most effective means whereby one can lead a virtuous life free from immorality and emotional inhibition. The Holy Qur'an says:" They (your wives) are as a garment to you, and you are as a garment to them" (ii. 187). The mutual relation of husband and wife is here described in words which could not be surpassed in beauty. Herein is the correct description of the relationship between the two. The husband and the wife are for mutual support, mutual comfort and mutual protection, fitting into each other as garments fit into each other.
Then the Holy Qur'an also makes it clear that this union is not a temporary relationship between two individuals of opposite sexes: It is a permanent and enduring relationship in the sense that both the parties should put in their earnest endeavours to lead their lives in perfect harmony and acquitting themselves creditably of the responsibilities saddled upon them by entering into this sacred contract.
The Holy Qur'an farther points out that sexual gratification in the married life is not meant only for the satisfaction of the physical lust, but it mustbe directed to some higher ends." Your women are tilth for you, so go into your tilth as ye like, and provide beforehand for your souls, and fear Allah and know that you are going to meet Him" (iii. 223). Here the wives are likened to the cultivable land which are ploughed for sowing and reaping the produce (in the form of offspring) and not merely for carnal indulgence. The concluding part of the verse refers to still higher and sublimer ends which tell that even in the height of carnal pleasures the moral and spiritual responsibilities should not in any way be lost sight of; rather one should be more conscious to them when one is enjoying physical pleasures as these are the moments when the fear of the Lord and the accountability in the Hereafter is likely to be blurred or effaced from one's mind.
Chapter 1: ONE WHO CAN SUPPORT A WIFE SHOULD MARRY
Book 008, Number 3231:
'Alqama reported: While I was walking with 'Abdullah at Mina, 'Uthman
happened to meet him. He stopped there and began to talk with him. Uthman
said to him: Abu 'Abd al-Rahman, should we not marry you to a young
girl who may recall to you some of the past of your bygone days; thereupon
he said: If you say so, Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said:
0 young men, those among you who can support a wife should marry, for
it restrains eyes from casting (evil glances). and preserves one from
immorality; but those who cannot should devote themselves to fasting
for it is a means of controlling sexual desire.
Book 008, Number 3232:
'Alqama reported: While I was going along with 'Abdullah b. Ma'sud (Allah
he pleased with him) in Mina, 'Uthman b. 'Affan (Allah be pleased with
him) happened to meet him and said: Come here, Abu 'Abd al-Rahman (kunya
of Abdullah b. Mas'ud), and he isolated him (from me), and when 'Abdullah
(b. Mas'ud) saw that there was no need (for this privacy), he said to
me: 'Alqama, come on, and so I went there. (Then) 'Uthman said to him:
Abu Abd al-Rahman, should we not marry you to a virgin girl that your
past may be recalled to your mind? 'Abdullah said: If you say so, the
rest of the hadith is the same as narrated above.
Book 008, Number 3233:
Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) said to us: 0 young men, those among
you who can support a wife should marry, for it restrains eyes (from
casting evil glances) and preserves one from immorality; but he who
cannot afford It should observe fast for it is a means of controlling
the sexual desire.
Book 008, Number 3234:
Abu al-Rahman b. Yazid said: I and my uncle 'Alqama and al-Aswad went
to 'Abdullah b. Mas'ud (Allah be pleased with him). He (the narrator
further) said: I was at that time young, and he narrated a hadith which
it seemed he narrated for me that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) said like one transmitted by Mu'awiya, and further added: I lost
no time in marrying.
Book 008, Number 3235:
'Abd al-Rahman b. Yazid reported on the authority of Abdullah: We went
to him, and I was the youngest of all (of us), but he did not mention:"
I lost no time in marrying."
Book 008, Number 3236:
Anas (Allah be pleased with him) reported that some of the Companions
of Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) asked his (the Prophet's)
wives about the acts that he performed in private. Someone among them
(among his Companions) said: I will not marry women; someone among them
said: I will not eat meat; and someone among them said: I will not lie
down in bed. He (the Holy Prophet) praised Allah and glorified Him,
and said: What has happened to these people that they say so and so,
whereas I observe prayer and sleep too; I observe fast and suspend observing
them; I marry women also? And he who turns away from my Sunnah, he has
no relation with Me
Book 008, Number 3237:
Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas (Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messengger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) rejected (the idea) of Uthman b. Muz'unliving
in celibacy (saying): And if he (the Holy Prophet) had given me permission
We would have got ourselves castrated.
Book 008, Number 3238:
Sa'id b. al-Musayyib reported: I heard Sa'd (b. Abi Waqqas) saying that
the idea of 'Uthman b. Maz'un for living in celibacy was rejected (by
the Holy Prophet), and if he had been given permission they would have
got themselves castrated.
Book 008, Number 3239:
Sa'id b. al Musayyib heard Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas (Allah be pleased with
him) saying that Uthman b. Maz'un decided to live in celibacy, but Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) forbade him to do so, and if he had
permitted him, we would have got ourselves castrated.
Chapter 2: HE WHO SEES A WOMAN, AND HIS HEART IS AFFECTED, SHOULD COME TO HIS WIFE, AND SHOULD HAVE INTERCOURSE WITH HER
Book 008, Number 3240:
Jabir reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) saw a
woman, and so he came to his wife, Zainab, as she was tanning a leather
and had sexual intercourse with her. He then went to his Companions
and told them: The woman advances and retires in the shape of a devil,
so when one of you sees a woman, he should come to his wife, for that
will repel what he feels in his heart.
Book 008, Number 3241:
Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported that Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon
him) saw a woman; and the rest of the hadith was narrated but (with
this exception) that he said he came to his wife Zainab, who was tanning
a (piece of) leather, and he made no mention of:" She retires in
the shape of satan."
Book 008, Number 3242:
Jabir heard Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) say: When a woman
fascinates any one of you and she captivates his heart, he should go
to his wife and have an intercourse with her, for it would repel what
he feels.
Chapter 3: TEMPORARY MARRIAGE AND ITS PROHIBITION FOR ALL TIMES TO COME
Book 008, Number 3243:
Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) reported: We were on an expedition with Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) and we had no women with us. We said:
Should we not have ourselves castrated? He (the Holy Prophet) forbade
us to do so He then granted us permission that we should contract temporary
marriage for a stipulated period giving her a garment, and 'Abdullah
then recited this verse: 'Those who believe do not make unlawful the
good things which Allah has made lawful for you, and do not transgress.
Allah does not like trangressers" (al-Qur'an, v. 87).
Book 008, Number 3244:
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Jarir with the same
chain of transmitters and he also recited this (above-mentioned verse)
to us, but he did not say that 'Abdullah recited it.
Book 008, Number 3245:
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Isma'il with the same
chain of transmitters (and the words are):" We were young, so we
said: Allah's Messenger, should we not have ourselves castrated? But
he (the narrator) did not say; We were on an expedition."
Book 008, Number 3246:
Jabir b. 'Abdullah and Salama b. al-Akwa' said: There came to us the
proclaimer of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) and said: Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) has granted you permission to benefit
yourselves, i. e. to contract temporary marriage with women.
Book 008, Number 3247:
Salama b. al. Akwa' and Jabir b. Abdullah reported: Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) came to us and permitted us to contract temporary
marriage.
Book 008, Number 3248:
Ibn Uraij reported: 'Ati' reported that jibir b. Abdullah came to perform
'Umra, and we came to his abode, and the people asked him about different
things, and then they made a mention of temporary marriage, whereupon
he said: Yes, we had been benefiting ourselves by this temporary marriage
during the lifetime of theHoly Prophet (may peace be upon him) and during
the tinie of Abi! Bakr and 'Umar.
Book 008, Number 3249:
Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported: We contracted temporary marriage giving
a handful of (tales or flour as a dower during the lifetime of Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) and durnig the time of Abu Bakr until
'Umar forbade it in the case of 'Amr b. Huraith.
Book 008, Number 3250:
Abu Nadra reported: While I was in the company of Jabir b. Abdullah,
a person came to him and said that Ibn 'Abbas and Ibn Zubair differed
on the two types of Mut'as (Tamattu' of Hajj 1846 and Tamattu' with
women), whereupon Jabir said: We used to do these two during the lifetime
of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him). Umar then forbade us to
do them, and so we did not revert to them.
Book 008, Number 3251:
Iyas b. Salama reported on the authority of his father that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) gave sanction for contracting temporary
marriage for three nights in the year of Autas 1847 and then forbade
it.
Book 008, Number 3252:
Sabra Juhanni reported: Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) permitted
temporary marriage for us. So I and another person went out and saw
a woman of Bana 'Amir, who was like a young long-necked she-camel. We
presented ourselves to her (for contracting temporary marriage), whereupon
she said: What dower would you give me? I said: My cloak. And my companion
also said: My cloak. And the cloak of-my companion was superior to my
cloak, but I was younger than he. So when she looked at the cloak of
my companion she liked it, and when she cast a glance at me I looked
more attractive to her. She then said: Well, you and your cloak are
sufficient for me. I remained with her for three nights, and then Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: He who has any such woman with
whom he had contracted temporary marriage, he should let her off.
Book 008, Number 3253:
Rabi' b. Sabra reported that his father went on an expedition with Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) during the Victory of Mecca, and we
stayed there for fifteen days (i. e. for thirteen full days and a day
and a night), and Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) permitted
us to contract temporary marriage with women. So I and another person
of my tribe went out, and I was more handsome than he, whereas he was
almost ugly. Each one of us had a cloaks, My cloak was worn out, whereas
the cloak of my cousin was quite new. As we reached the lower or the
upper side of Mecca, we came across a young woman like a young smart
long-necked she-camel. We said: Is it possible that one of us may contract
temporary marriage with you? She said: What will you give me as a dower?
Each one of us spread his cloak. She began to cast a glance on both
the persons. My companion also looked at her when she was casting a
glance at her side and he said: This cloak of his is worn out, whereas
my cloak is quite new. She, however, said twice or thrice: There is
no harm in (accepting) this cloak (the old one). So I contracted temporary
marriage with her, and I did not come out (of this) until Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) declared it forbidden.
Book 008, Number 3254:
Rabi' b. S'abra al-jahanni reported on the authority of his father.
We went with Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) to Mecca during
the year of Victory and he narrated like this a hadith transmitted by
Bishr (the previous one) but with this addition:" She said: Can
it be possible?" And it is also mentioned in it:" He said:
The cloak of this (man) is old and worn out."
Book 008, Number 3255:
Sabra al-Juhanni reported on the authority of his father that while
he was with Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon hm) he said: 0 people,
I had permitted you to contract temporary marriage with women, but Allah
has forbidden it (now) until the Day of Resurrection. So he who has
any (woman with this type of marriage contract) he should let her off,
and do not take back anything you have given to then (as dower).
Book 008, Number 3256:
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of 'Abd al-'Aziz b 'Umar
with the same chain of transmitters, and he said: I saw Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) standing between the pillar and the gate (of
the Ka'ba) and he was relating a hadith as narrated by Ibn Numair.
Book 008, Number 3257:
'Abd al-Malik b. Rabi' b. Sabraal-Juhanni reported on the authority
of his father who narrated it on the authority of his father (i e. 'Abd
al-Malik's grandfather, Sabura al-juhanni): Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) permitted us to contract temporary marriage in the Year
of Victory, as we entered Mecce, and we did come out of it but he forbade
us to do it.
Book 008, Number 3258:
Sabra b. Ma'bad reported that Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him)
permitted his Companions to contract temporary marriage with women in
the Year of Victory. So I and a friend of mine from Banu Sulaim went
out, until we found a young woman of Banu Amir who was like a young
she-camel having a long neck. We made proposal to her for contracting
temporary marriage with us, and presented to her our cloaks (as dower).
She began to look and found me more handsome than my friend, but found
the cloak of my friend more beautiful than my cloak. She thought in
her wind for a while, but then preferred me to my friend. So I remained
with her for three (nights), and then Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) commanded us to part with them (such women).
Book 008, Number 3259:
Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father that Allah's
Apostle (may peace be upon him) prohibited the contracting of temporary
marriage.
Book 008, Number 3260:
Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) forbade on the Day of Victory to contract
temporary marriage with women. This hadith has been narrated on the
authority of Rabi' b. Sabra that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) forbade to contracf temporary marriage with women at the time of
Victory, and that his father had contracted the marriage for two red
cloaks.
Book 008, Number 3261:
'Urwa b. Zabair reported that 'Abdullah b. Zubair (Allah be pleased
with him) stood up (and delivered an address) in Mecca saying: Allah
has made blind the hearts of some people as He has deprived them of
eyesight that they give religious verdict in favour of temporary marriage,
while he was alluding to a person (Ibn 'Abbas). Ibn Abbas called him
and said: You are an uncouth person, devoid of sense. By my life, Mut'a
was practised during the lifetime of the leader of the pious (he meant
Allah's Messenger, may peace be upon him), and Ibn Zubair said to him:
just do it yourselves, and by Allah, if you do that I will stone you
with your stones. Ibn Shihab said. Khalid b. Muhajir b. Saifullah informed
me: While I was sitting in the company of a person, a person came to
him and he asked for a religious verdict about Mut'a and he permitted
him to do it. Ibn Abu 'Amrah al-Ansari (Allah be pleased with him) said
to him: Be gentle. It was permitted in- the early days of Islam, (for
one) who was driven to it under the stress of necessity just as (the
eating of) carrion and the blood and flesh of swine and then Allah intensified
(the commands of) His religion and prohibited it (altogether). Ibn Shihab
reported: Rabi' b. Sabra told me that his father (Sabra) said: I contracted
temporary marriage with a woman of Banu 'Amir for two cloaks during
the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) ; then he
forbade us to do Mut'a. Ibn Shihab said: I heard Rabi' b. Sabra narrating
it to Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz and I was sitting there.
Book 008, Number 3262:
Sabra al-Juhanni reported on the authority of his father: Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) prohibited the contracting of temporary marriage
and said: Behold, it is forbidden from this very day of yours to the
Day of Resurrection, and he who has given something (as a dower) should
not take it back.
Book 008, Number 3263:
'Ali b. AbiTalib reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) prohibited on the Day of Khaibar the contracting of temporary marriage
with women and the eating of the flesh of domestic asses.
Book 008, Number 3264:
Malik narrated this hadith on the authority of the same chain of trans-
witters that 'Ali b. Abil Talib said to a person: You are a person led
astray; Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) forbade us (to do
Mut'a), as is stated In the hadith transmitted on the authority of Yahya
b. Malik
Book 008, Number 3265:
Muhammad b. 'Ali narrated on the authority of his father 'Ali that Allah's
Apostle (may peace be upon him) on the Day of Khaibar prohibited for
ever the contracting of temporary marriage and eating of the flesh of
the domestic asses.
Book 008, Number 3266:
'Ali (Allah be pleased with him) heard that Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased
with them) gave some relaxation in connection with the contracting of
temporary marriage, whereupon he said: Don't be hasty (in your religious
verdict), Ibn 'Abbas, for Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
on the Day of Khaibar prohibited for ever the doing of it-And eating
of the flesh of domestic asses.
Book 008, Number 3267:
'Ali (Allah be pleased with him) said to Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be pleased
with them) that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) on the Day
of Khaibar forbade forever the contracting of temporary marriage and
the eating of the flesh of domestic asses.
Chapter 4: IT IS FORBIDDEN TO COMBINE A WOMAN AND HER FATHER'S SISTER, OR A WOMAN AND HER MOTHER'S SISTER TOGETHER IN MARRIAGE
Book 008, Number 3268:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace upon him) having said this: One should not combine a woman and
her father's sister, nor a woman and her mother's sister in marriage.
Book 008, Number 3269:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) forbade combining of four women in marriage:
a woman with her tather's sister, and a woman with her mother's sister.
Book 008, Number 3270:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) say: Father's sister should not be combined
with her brother's daughter, nor the daughter of a sister with her mother's
sister.
Book 008, Number 3271:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) forbade a person to combine in marriage a womanarid
her father's sister, and a woman and her mother's sister. Ibn Shihab
said: So we regarded the paternal aunt of her (wife's) father and the
maternal aunt of her (wife's) father at the same level.
Book 008, Number 3272:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as saying: One should not combine in marriage a woman
with her father's sister, or her mother's sister.
Book 008, Number 3273:
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira
(Allah be pleased with him) through another chain of transmitters.
Book 008, Number 3274:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) as saying: A man must not make proposal of marriage
to a woman when his brother has done so already. And he must not offer
a price for a thing for which his brother had already offered a price;
and a woman must not be combined in marriage with her father's sister,
nor with her mother's sister, and a woman must not ask to have her sister
divorced in order to deprive her of what belongs to her, but she must
marry, because she will have what Allah has decreed for her.
Book 008, Number 3275:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) forbade the combining of a woman in marriage
with her father's sister, or with her mother's sister, or that a woman
should ask for divorce for her sister in order to deprive her of what
belongs to her. Allah, the Exalted'and Majestic, is her Sustainer too.
Book 008, Number 3276:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) forbade to combine a woman and her father's
sister, and a woman and her mother's sister.
Book 008, Number 3277:
A hadith like this has been transmitted on the authority of Amr b. Dinar
Chapter 5: MUHRIM (ONE WHO IS IN THE STATE OF IHRAM) IS FORBIDDEN TO MARRY AND THE DISAPPROVAL OF GIVING THE PROPOSAL (IN THIS STATE)
Book 008, Number 3278:
Nubaih b. Wahb reported that 'Umar b. Ubaidullah intended to marry Talha
b. 'Umar with the daughter of Shaiba b. Jubair; so he sent a messenger
to Aban b. Uthman to attend the marriage, and he was at that time the
Amir of Hajj. Aban said: I heard 'Uthman b. 'Affan say that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) had stated: A Muhrim must neither
marry himself, nor arrange the marriage of another one, nor should he
make the proposal of marriage.
Book 008, Number 3279:
Nubaih b. Wahb reported: Umar b. Ubaidullah b. Ma'mar sent me to Aban
b. Uthman as he wanted to make the proposal of the marriage of his son
with the daughter of Shaiba b. Uthman. He (Aban b. Uthman) was at that
time (busy) in the season of Pilgrimage. He said: I deem him to be a
man of the desert (for it is a common thing) that a Muhrim can neither
marry, nor is he allowed to be married to anyone. It is Uthman (b. Affan)
who reported this to us from Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him).
Book 008, Number 3280:
Uthman b. 'Affan reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) had said: A Muhrim should neither marry himself, nor should he
be got married to anyone, nor should he make the proposal of marriage.
Book 008, Number 3281:
'Uthman (b. 'Affan) reported it directly from Allah's Apostle (may peace
be upon him) that he said: A Muhrim should neithermarry (in that state)
nor make the proposal of marriage.
Book 008, Number 3282:
Nabaih b. Wahb reported that Umar b. 'Ubaidullah b. Ma'mar intended
to marry his son Talha with the daughter of Shaiba b. Jubair during
the Pilgrimage. Aban b. Uthman was at that time the Amir of Pilgrims.
So he ('Umar b. Ubaidullah) sent someone (as a messenger) to Aban saying:
I intend to marry Talha b. 'Umar and I earnestly desire you to be present
there (in this ceremony of marriage). Aban said to him: I find you a
block-headed 'Iraqi. I heard 'Uthman b. 'Affan say that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) said: A Muhrim should not marry.
Book 008, Number 3283:
Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Apostle
(may peace be upon him) married Maimulna in the state of Ihram. Ibn
Numair made this addition:" I narrated it to Zuhri and he said:
Yazid b. al-Asamm (Allah be pleased with him) told me that he (the Holy
Prophet) married her when he was not a muhrim."
Book 008, Number 3284:
Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) reported: Allah's Messenger.
(may peace be upon him) married Maimuna while he was a Muhrim.
Book 008, Number 3285:
Yazid b. al-Asamm reported: Maimuna daughter of al-Harith narrated to
me that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) married her and he
was not in the state of Ihram. And she (Maimuna) was my mother's sister
and that of Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be pleased with them).
Chapter 6: PROHIBITION OF ONE" S MAKING THE PROPOSAL OF MARRIAGE WHEN IT HAS ALREADY BEEN MADE BY ONE'S BROTHER UNTIL HE PERMITS OR GIVES HER UP
Book 008, Number 3286:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) as having said this: None amongst you should outbid
another in a transaction, nor should he make proposals of marriage upon
the proposal made by someone else.
Book 008, Number 3287:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) as having said this: A person should not enter into
a transaction when his brother (had already entered into but not finalised),
and he should not make proposal of marriage upon the proposal already
made by his brother, until he permits it.
Book 008, Number 3288:
A hadith like this has been reported on the authority of Nafi' with
the same chain of transmitters.
Book 008, Number 3289:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) as having forbidden a dweller of the town selling
the merchandise of a villager or outbidding in a sale (in order that
another might fall into a snare), or a person making the proposal of
marriage when his brother has already made such a proposal, or entering
into a transaction when his brother has already entered; and a woman
asking the divorce of her sister in order to deprive her of what belongs
to her. 'Amr made this addition:" The person should not purchase
in opposition to his brother."
Book 008, Number 3290:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as having said this: Do not outbid in a sale in order
to ensnare. No man should enter into a transaction in which his brother
has already entered, and no dweller of the town should sell on behalf
of the villager. And no man should make a proposal of marriage which
his brother has already made and no woman should ask for the divorce
of another (co-wife) in order to deprive her of what belongs to her.
Book 008, Number 3291:
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Zuhri with
the same chain of transmitters but with a slight alteration.
Book 008, Number 3292:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as saying: The Muslim should not purchase in opposition
to his brother, and he should not make the proposal of marriage on the
proposal already made by his brother.
Book 008, Number 3293:
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira (Allah
be pleased with him) through another chain of transmitters.
Book 008, Number 3294:
'Uqba b. 'Amir said on the pulpit that Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) said: A believer is the brother of a believer, so it is
not lawful for a believer to outbid his brother, and he should not propose
an engagement when his brother has thus proposed until he gives it up.
Chapter 7: IT IS PROHIBITED TO CONTRACT SHIGHAR MARRIAGE
Book 008, Number 3295:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) said that Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) prohibited Shighar which means that a man gives his
daughter in marriage on the condition that the other gives his daughter
to him in marriage with- out any dower being paid by either.
Book 008, Number 3296:
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of" Abdullah
b. 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) but with a slight variation of
words.
Book 008, Number 3297:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) prohibited Shighar.
Book 008, Number 3298:
Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as having said: There is no Shighar in islam.
Book 008, Number 3299:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) prohibited Shighar. Ibn Numair added: Shighar
means that a person should say to the other person: Give me the hand
of your daughter in marriage and I will (in return) marry my daughter
to you; or merry me your sister, and I will marry my sister to you.
Book 008, Number 3300:
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Vmar with the
same chain of transmitters, but there is no mention of Ibn Numair.
Book 008, Number 3301:
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) prohibited Shighar.
Chapter 8: FULFILLING OF CONDITION IN MARRIAGE
Book 008, Number 3302:
'Uqba b. Amir (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) as saying: The most worthy condition which must
be fulfilled is that which makes sexual intercourse lawful. In the narration
transmitted by Ibn Muthanna (instead of the word" condition"
) it is" conditions".
Chapter 9: SEEKING CONSENT OF AL-THAYYIBIN MARRIAGE IN WORDS AND OF A VIRGIN IN (MEANINGFUL) SILENCE
Book 008, Number 3303:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as having said: A woman without a husband (or divorced
or a widow) must not be married until she is consulted, and a virgin
must not be married until her permission is sought. They asked the Prophet
of Allah (may peace be upon him): How her (virgin's) consent can be
solicited? He (the Holy Prophet) said: That she keeps silence.
Book 008, Number 3304:
This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters.
Book 008, Number 3305:
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported: I asked Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) about a virgin whose marriage is solemnised
by her guardian, whether it was necessary or not to consult her. Allah's
Messerger (may peace be upon him) said: Yes, she must be consulted.
'A'isha reported: I told him that she feels shy, whereupon Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) said: Her silence implies her consent.
Book 008, Number 3306:
Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) as saying: A woman without a husband has wore right
to her person than her guardian, and a virgin's consent must be asked
from her, and her silence implies her consent.
Book 008, Number 3307:
Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as saying: A woman who has been previously married
(Thayyib) has more right to her person than her guardian. And a virgin
should also be consulted, and her silence implies her consent.
Book 008, Number 3308:
Sufyan reported on the basis of the same chain of transmitters (and
the words are): A woman who has been previously married (Thayyib) has
more right to her person than her guardian; and a virgin's father must
ask her consent from her, her consent being her silence, At times he
said: Her silence is her affirmation.
Chapter 10: IT IS PERMISSIBLE FOR THE FATHER TO GIVE THE HAND OF HIS DAUGHTER IN MARRIAGE EVEN WHEN SHE IS NOT FULLY GROWN UP
Book 008, Number 3309:
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported: Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) married me when I was six years old, and I was admitted
to his house at the age of nine. She further said: We went to Medina
and I had an attack of fever for a month, and my hair had come down
to the earlobes. Umm Ruman (my mother) came to me and I was at that
time on a swing along with my playmates. She called me loudly and I
went to her and I did not know what she had wanted of me. She took hold
of my hand and took me to the door, and I was saying: Ha, ha (as if
I was gasping), until the agitation of my heart was over. She took me
to a house, where had gathered the women of the Ansar. They all blessed
me and wished me good luck and said: May you have share in good. She
(my mother) entrusted me to them. They washed my head and embellished
me and nothing frightened me. Allah's Messenger (, may peace be upon
him) came there in the morning, and I was entrusted to him.
Book 008, Number 3310:
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported: Allah's Apostle (may peace
be upon him) married me when I was six years old, and I was admitted
to his house when I was nine years old.
Book 008, Number 3311:
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) married her when she was seven years old, and he
was taken to his house as a bride when she was nine, and her dolls were
with her; and when he (the Holy Prophet) died she was eighteen years
old.
Chapter 11: EXCELLENCE OF MARRYING OR BEING MARRIED DURING THE MONTH OF SHAWWAL AND EXCELLENCE OF TAKING BRIDE IN THE HOUSE DURING THIS MONTH
Book 008, Number 3312:
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported: Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) contracted marriage with me in Shawwal and took me
to his house as a bride during Shawwal. And who among the wives of Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) was dearer to him than I, and' A'isha
liked that the women (of her family) should enter the houses as brides
during the month of Shawwal.
Book 008, Number 3313:
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Sufyan with the same
chain of transmitters, but he made no mention of the act of 'A'isha
(being admitted as a wife in the house of the Holy Prophet).
Chapter 12: IT IS PERMISSIBLE TO CAST A GLANCE AT THE FACE AND THE PALMS OF A WOMAN WHOM ONE INTENDS TO MARRY
Book 008, Number 3314:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was in the company
of Allah's Messenger (way peace be upan him) when there came a man and
informed him that he had contracted to marry a woman of the Ansar. Thereupon
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Did you cast a glance
at her? He said: No. He said: Go and cast a glance at her, for there
is something in the eyes of the Ansar.
Book 008, Number 3315:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man came to Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) and said: I have contracted marriage
with a woman of the Ansar, whereupon Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon
him) said: Did you cast a glance at her, for there is something in the
eyes of the Ansar? He said: I did cast a glance at her, whereupon he
said: For what (dower) did you marry her? He said: For four 'uqiyas.
Thereupon Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) said: For four 'uqiyas;
it seems as if you dig out silver from the side of this mountain (and
that is why you are prepared to pay such a large amount of dower). We
have nothing which we should give you. There is a possibility that we
may send you to an (expedition) where you may get (booty). So he sent
that man (in the expedition) which was despatched to Banu 'Abs.
Chapter 13: THE DOWER
Book 008, Number 3316:
Sahl b. Sa'd al-Sa'idi (Allah be pleased with him) reported: A woman
came to Allah's Messenger. (may peace be upon him) and said: Messerbger
of Allah, I have come to you to entrust myself to you (you may contract
my marriage with anyone at your discretion). Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) saw her and cast a glance at her from head to foot.
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) then lowered his head. When
the woman saw that he had made no decision in regard to her, she sat
down. There stood up a person from amongst his companions and said:
Messenger of Allah, marry her to me if you have no need of her. He (the
Holy Prophet) said: is there anything with you (which you con give as
a dower)? He said: No, Messenger of Allah, by Allah I have nothing.
Thereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Go to your
people (family) and see if you can find something. He returned and said:
I have found nothing. The Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) said:
See even if it is an Iron ring. He went and returned and said: No, by
God, not even an iron ring, but only this lower garment of mine (Sahl
said that he had no upper garment), half of which (I am prepared to
part with) for her. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
said: How can your lower garment serve your purpose, for it you wear
it, she would not be able to make any use of it and if she wears it
there would not be anything on you? The man sat down and as the sitting
prolonged he stood up (in disappointment) and as he was going back Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) commanded (him) to be called back,
and as he came, he said to him: Do you know any part of the Qur'an?
He said: I know such and such surahs (and he counted them). whereupon
he said: Can you recite them from heart (from your memory)? He said:
Yes, whereupon he (Allah's Messenger) said: Go, I have given her to
you in marriage for the part of the Qur'an which you know.
Book 008, Number 3317:
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Sahl b. Sa'd with
a minor alteration of words, but the hadith transmitted through Za'idah
(the words are that the Holy Prophet) said: Go, I have married her to
you, and you teach her something of the Qur'an.
Book 008, Number 3318:
Abu Salama b. 'Abd al-Rahman reported: I asked 'A'isha, the wife of
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him): What is the amount of dower
of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)? She said: It was twelve
'uqiyas and one nash. She said: Do you know what is al-nash? I said:
No. She said: It is half of uqiya, and it amounts to five hundred dirhams,
and that was the dower given by Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) to his wives.
Book 008, Number 3319:
Anas b. Malik reported that Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him)
saw the trace of yellowness on 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Auf and said: What
is this? Thereupon he said: Allah's Messenger, I have married a woman
for a date-stone's weight of gold. He said: God bless you! Hold a wedding
feast, even if only with a sheep.
Book 008, Number 3320:
Anas b. Malik (Allah be pleasedwith him) reported that 'Abd al-Rahman
b. 'Auf (Allah be pleased with him) married during the lifetime of Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) for a nawat weight of gold and the
messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said to him: Give a feast
even with a sheep.
Book 008, Number 3321:
Anas b. Malik (Allah be pleased with him) reported that 'Abd al-Rahman
b. 'Auf (Allah be pleased with him) married a woman for a date-stone's
weight of gold and Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) said to him:
Hold a wedding feast, even if only with a sheep.
Book 008, Number 3322:
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Humaid with the same
chain of transmitters except (with this minor alteration of words) that
'Abd al-Rahman said:" I married a woman."
Book 008, Number 3323:
Abd al-Rahman b. 'Auf (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) saw the signs of the happiness of
wedding in me, and I said: I have married a woman of the Ansar. He said:
How much Mahr have you paid? I said: For a date-stone weight of gold.
And in the hadith transmitted by Ishaq (it is): (nawat weight) of gold.
Book 008, Number 3324:
Anas b. Malik reported that 'Abd al-Rahman married a woman for a datestone
weight of gold. Shu'ba has narrattd this hadith with the same chain
of transmitters except for (this alteration) that he said that a person
from among the sons of 'Abd al Rahman said:" from gold".
Chapter 14: EXCELLENCE OF EXMANCIPATING A SLAVE-GIRL AND THEN MARRYING HER
Book 008, Number 3325:
Anas (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) set out on an expedition to Khaibar and we observed
our morning prayer in early hours of the dawn. The Apostle of Allah
(may peace be upon him) then mounted and so did Abu Talha ride, and
I was seating myself behind Abu Talha. Allah's Apostle (may peace be
upon him) moved in the narrow street of Khaibar (and we rode so close
to each other in the street) that my knee touched the leg of Allah's
Apostle (may peace be upon him). (A part of the) lower garment of Allah's
Apostle (may peace be upon him) slipped from his leg and I could see
the whiteness of the leg of Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him).
As he entered the habitation he called: Allah-o-Akbar (Allah is the
Greatest). Khaibar is ruined. And when we get down in the valley of
a people evil is the morning of the warned ones. He repeated it thrice.
In the meanwhile the people went out for their work, and said: By Allah,
Muhammad (has come). Abd al-'Aziz or some of our com- panions said:
Muhammad and the army (have come). He said: We took it (the territory
of Khaibar) by force, and there were gathered the prisoners of war.
There came Dihya and he said: Messenger of Allah, bestow upon me a girl
ont of the prisones. He said: Go and get any girl. He made a choice
for Safiyya daughter of Huyayy (b. Akhtab). There came a person to Allah's
Apostle (may peace be upon him) and said: Apostle of Allah, you have
bestowed Safiyya bint Huyayy, the chief of Quraiza and al-Nadir, upon
Dihya and she is worthy of you only. He said: Call him along with her.
So he came along with her. When Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him)
saw her he said: Take any other woman from among the prisoners. He (the
narrator) said: He (the Holy Prophet) then granted her emancipation
and married her. Thabit said to him: Abu Hamza, how much dower did he
(the Holy Prophet) give to her? He said: He granted her freedom and
then married her. On the way Umm Sulaim embellished her and then sent
her to him (the Holy Prophet) at night. Allah's Apostle (may peace be
upon him) appeared as a bridegroom in the morning. He (the Holy Prophet)
said: He who has anything (to eat) should bring that. Then the cloth
was spread. A person came with cheese, another came with dates, and
still another came with refined butter, and they prepared hais and that
was the wedding feast of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
Book 008, Number 3326:
This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters
on the authority of Anas that Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him)
emancipated Safiyya, and her emancipation was treated as her wedding
gift, and in the hadith transmitted by Mu'adh on the authority of his
father (the words are):" He (the Holy Prophet) married Safiyya
and bestowed her emancipation as her wedding gift."
Book 008, Number 3327:
Abu Musa reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said
about one who emancipated a slave woman, and then married her, that
for him there are two rewards.
Book 008, Number 3328:
Anas (Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was sitting behind Abu
Talha on the Day of Khaibar and my feet touched the foot of Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him), and we came (to the people of Khaibar)
when the sun had risen and they had driven out their cattle, and had
themselves come out with their axes, large baskets and hatchets, and
they said: (Here come) Muhammad and the army. Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) said: Khaibar is ruined. Verily when we get down
in the valley of a people, evil is the morning of the warned ones (al-Qur'an,
xxxvii. 177). Allah, the Majestic and the Glorious, defeated them (the
inhabitants of Khaibar), and there fell to the lot of Dihya a beautiful
girl, and Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) got her in exchange
of seven heads, and then entrusted her to Umm Sulaim so that she might
embellish her and prepare her (for marriage) with him. He (the narrator)
said: He had been under the impression that he had said that so that
she might spend her period of 'Iddah in her (Umm Sulaim's) house. (The
woman) was Safiyya daughter of Huyayy. Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) arranged the wedding feast consisting of dates, cheese,
and refined butter, and pits were dug and tiers were set in them dining
cloths, and there was brought cheese and refined butter, and these were
placed there. And the people ate to their fill, and they said: We do
not know whether he (the Holy Prophet) had married her (as a free woman),
or as a slave woman. They said: If he (the Holy Prophet) would make
her wear the veil, then she would be a (free married) woman, and if
he would not make her wear the veil, then she should be a slave woman.
When he intended to ride, he made her wear the veil and she sat on the
hind part of the camel; so they came to know that he had married her.
As they approached Medina, Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
drove (his ride) quickly and so we did. 'Adba' (the name of Allah's
Apostle's camel) stumbled and Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
fell down and she (Radrat Safiyya: also fell down. He (the Holy Prophet)
stood up and covered her. woman looked towards her and said: May Allah
keep away the Jewess! He (the narrator) said: I said: Aba Hamza, did
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) really fall down? He said:
Yes, by Allah, he in fact fell down. Anas said: I also saw the wedding
feast of Zainab, and he (the Holy Prophet) served bread and meat to
the people, and made them eat to their heart's content, and he (the
Holy Prophet) sent me to call people, and as he was free (from the ceremony)
he stood up and I followed him. Two persons were left and they were
busy in talking and did not get out (of the apartment). He (the Holy
Prophet) then proceeded towards (the apartments of) his wives. He greeted
with as-Salamu 'alaikum to every one of them and said: Members of the
household, how are you? They said: Messenger of Allah, we are in good
state 'How do you find your family? He would say: In good state. When
he was free from (this work of exchanging greetings) he came back, and
I also came back along with him. And as he reached the door, (he found)
that the two men were still busy in talking. And when they saw him having
returned, they stood up and went out; and by Allah! I do not know whether
I had informed him, or there was a revelation to him (to the affect)
that they had gone. He (the Holy Prophet) then came back and I also
returned along with him, and as he put his step on the threshold of
his door he hung a curtain between me and him, and (it was on this occasion)
that Allah revealed this verse: (" O you who believe), do not enter
the houses of the Prophet unless permission is given to 'you" (xxxiii.
53).
Book 008, Number 3329:
Anas, (Allah be pleased with him) reported: Safiyya (Allah be pleased
with her) fell to the lot of Dihya in the spoils of war, and they praised
her in the presence of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) and
said: We have not seen the like of her among the captives of war. He
sent (a messenger) to Dihya and he gave him whatever he demanded. He
then sent her to my mother and asked her to embellish her. Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) then got out of Khaibar until when he was on
the other side of it, he halted, and a tent was pitched for him. When
it was morning Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: He who
has surplus of provision with him should bring that to us. Some persons
would bring the surplus of dates, and the other surplus of mush of barley
until there became a heap of bals. They began to eat the hais and began
to drink out of the pond which had the water of rainfall in it and which
was situated by their side. Anas said that that constituted the wedding
feast of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him). He (further) said:
We proceeded until we saw the walls of Medina, and we were delighted.
We made our mounts run quickly and Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) also made his mount run quickly. And Safiyya (Allah be pleased
with her) was at his back, and Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) had seated her behind him. The camel of Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) stumbled and he (the Holy Prophet) fell down and
she also fell down. And none among the people was seeing him and her,
until Allah's Messeuger (may peace be upon him) stood up and he covered
her, and we came to him and he said: We have received no injury. We
entered Medina and there came out the young ladies of the household.
They saw her (hadrat Safiyya) and blamed her for falling down.
Chapter 15: PERTAINING TO THE MARRIAGE OF ZAINAB BINT JAHSH WITH THE HOLY PROPHET (MAY PEACE BE UPON HIM) AND VERSES PERTAINING TO PURDAH (VEIL)
Book 008, Number 3330:
Anas (Allah be pleased with him) reported: When the 'Iddah of Zainab
was over, Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said to Zaid to
make a mention to her about him. Zaid went on until he came to her and
she was fermenting her flour. He (Zaid) said: As I saw her I felt in
my heart an idea of her greatness so much so that I could not see towards
her (simply for the fact) that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) had made a mention of her. So I turned my back towards her. and
I turned upon my heels, and said: Zainab, Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) has sent (me) with a message to you. She said: I do not
do anything until I solicit the will of my Lord. So she stood at her
place of worship and the (verse of) the Qur'an (pertaining to her marriage)
were revealed, and Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) came to
her without permission. He (the narrator) said: I saw that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) served us bread and meat until it was broad
day light and the people went away, but some persons who were busy in
con- versation stayed on in the house after the meal. Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) also went out and I also followed him, and he
began to visit the apartments of his wives greeting them (with the words):
As-Salamu 'alaikum, and they would say: Allah's Messenger, how did you
find your family (hadrat Zainab)? He (the narrator) stated: I do not
know whether I had informed him that the people had gone out or he (the
Holy Prophet) informed me (about that). He moved on until he entered
the apartment, and I also went and wanted to enter (the apartment) along
with him, but he threw a curtain between me and him, as (the verfes
pertaining to seclusion) had been revealed, and people were instructed
in what they had been instructed. Ibn Rafii had made this addition in
his narration:" O you who believe, enter not the houses of the
Prophet unless permission is given to you for a meal, not waiting for
its cooking being finished..." to the words"... Allah forbears
not from the truth."
Book 008, Number 3331:
Anas (Allah be pleased with him) reported: I did not see Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) giving a wedding feast (on the marriage) of
any one (of his wives) as he did in the case of (his marriage with)
Zainab, for then he sacrificed a goat (on this occasion).
Book 008, Number 3332:
Anas b. Malik (Allah be pleased with him) reported: Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) gave no better wedding feast than the one he
did (on the occasion of his marriage with) Zainab. Thabit al-Bunani
(one of the narrators) said: What did he serve in the wedding feast?
He (Anas) said: He fed them bread and meat (so lavishly) that they (the
guests) abandoned it (of their own accord after having taken them to
their hearts' content).
Book 008, Number 3333:
Anas b. Malik (Allah be pleased with him) reported: When Allah's Apostle
(may peace be upon him) married Zainab bint jahsh, he invited people
(to the wedding feast) and they ate food. They then sat there and entered
into conversation. He (the Holy Prophet) made a stir as if he was preparing
to stand up, but (the persons busy in talking) did not stand up. When
he (the Holy Prophet) saw it, he stood up and when he did so, some other
persons stood up. 'Asim and Abd al-A'la in their narrations made this
addition: Three (persons) sat there, and Allah's Apostle (may peace
be upon him) came there to enter (the apartment) but he found the people
sitting there. Then they stood up and went away. He said: Then I came
and informed Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) that they had gone
away. He (the Holy Prophet) then came there until he entered (the apartment).
I also went and was about to enter, when he hung a curtain between me
and him (and it was on this occasion that) Allah, the Exalted and Majestic,
revealed this verse:" O you who believe, enter not the houses of
the Prophet unless permission is given to you for a meal, not waiting
for its cooking being finished to the (words)" Surely this is serious
in the sight of Allah" (xxxiii. 53).
Book 008, Number 3334:
Anas b. Malik (Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was the best informed
among the people pertaining to Hijab (veil and seclusion). Ubayy b.
Ka'b used to ask me about it. Anas (Allah be pleased with him) thus
narrated: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) got up in the
morning as a bridegroom of Zainab bint jahsh (Allah be pleased witt
her) as he had married her at Medina. He invited people to the wedding
feast after the day had well risen. There sat Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) and there kept sitting along with him some persons
after the people had stood up (for departure) ; then Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) stood up and walked on and I also walked along
with him until he reached the door of the apartment of 'A'isha (Allah
be pleased with her). He then thought that they (those who had been
sitting there after meal) had gone away. So he returned and I also returned
with him, but they were still sitting at their places. So he returned
for the second time and I also returned until he reached the apartment
of 'A'isha. He again returned and I also returned and they had (by that
time) stood up, and he hung a curtain between me and him (at the door
of the apartment of Hadrat Zainab, where he had to stay), and Allah
revealed the verse pertaining to veil.
Book 008, Number 3335:
Anas b. Malik (Allah be pleased with him) reported: Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) contracted marriage and he went to his wife.
My mother Umm Sulaim prepared hais and placed it in an earthen vessel
and said: Anas, take it to Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
and say: My mother has sent that to you and she offers greetings to
you, and says that it is a humble gift for you on our behalf, Messenger
of Allah. So I went along with it to Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) and said: My mother offers you salutations, and says that
it is a humble gift for you on our behalf. He said: Place it here, and
then said: Go and invite on my behalf so and so and anyone whom you
meet, and he even named some persons. He (Anas) said: I invited whom
he had named and whom I met. I (one of the narrators) said: I said to
Anas: How many (persons) were there? He (Anas) said: They were about
three hundred persons. Then Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
(said to me): Anas, bring that earthen vessel. They (the guests) then
began to enter until the courtyard and the apartment were fully packed.
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Make a circle of ten
(guests), and every person should eat from that nearest to him. They
began to eat, until they ate to their fill. A group went out (after
eating the food), and another group came in until all of them had eaten.
He (the Holy Prophet) said to me: Anas, lift it (the earthen vessel),
so I lifted it, but I could not assess whether it had more (food) when
I placed it (before Allah's Messenger) or when I lifted it (after the
people had been served out of it). A group among them (the guests) began
to talk in the house of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) and
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) was sitting and his wife
had been sitting with her face turned towards the wall. It was troublesome
for Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him), so Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) went out and greeted his wives. He then returned.
When they (the guests) saw that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) had returned they thought that it (their overstay) was something
troublesome for him. He (the narrator) said: They hastened towards the
door and all of them went out. And there came Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) and he hung a curtain and went in, and I was sitting
in his apartment and he did not stay but for a short while. He then
came to me and these verses were revealed. Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) came out and recited them to the people:" O you who
believe, enter not the houses of the Prophet unless permission is given
to you for a meal, not waiting for its cooking being finished-but when
you are invited, enter, and when you have taken food, disperse not seeking
to listen to talk. Surely this gives the Prophet trouble", to the
end of verse (xxxiii. 53). (Al-Ja'd said that Anas [b. Malik] stated:
I am the first amongst the people to hear these verses), and henceforth
the wives of the Apostle (may peace be upon him) began to observe seclusion
(al-hijab).
Book 008, Number 3336:
Anas (Allah be pleased with him) reported: When Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) contracted marriage with Zainab (Allah be pleased
with bet), Umm Sulaim sent him hats in a vessel of stone as a gift.
Anas stated that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said to him:
Go and invite on my behalf all the Muslims whom you meet. So I invited
on his behalf everyone whom I met. They entered (his house) and they
ate and went out. And Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) had
kept his hand on the food, and he invoked blessing on that, and said
whatever Allah wished him to say, and none whom I met was left uninvited.
They ate to their fill and went out, but a group among them remained
there and was engaged in lengthy discussion. Allah's Apostle (may peace
be upon him) felt shy of saying them anything. So he went out and left
them in his house and Allah the Great and Majestic revealed this verse:"
0 you who believe, enter not the houses of the Prophet unless permission
is given to you for a meal, not waiting for its cooking being finished."
Qatada (instead of using the word Ghaira Nazirina) used the word Ghaira
Mutahayyinina (i. e. not waiting for the time of the food). But when
you are invited, enter..." up to this verse. This is purer for
your hearts and their hearts.
Chapter 16: WHEN ONE IS INVITED TO A WEDDING FEAST, ONE SHOULD ACCEPT IT
Book 008, Number 3337:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) said: When any one of you is invited to a feast,
he should attend it.
Book 008, Number 3338:
Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) as saying: When any one of you is invited to a feast,
he should accept. 'Ubaidallah took this feast to be a wedding feast.
Book 008, Number 3339:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased withthem) reported Allah's Apostle (may peace
be upon him) having said this: When any one of you is invited to a wedding
feast, he should accept that.
Book 008, Number 3340:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (may
be upon him) having said this: Accept the feast, when you are invited.
Book 008, Number 3341:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) as saying: When any one of you invites his brother,
he (the latter) should accept his wedding feast, or any other like it.
Book 008, Number 3342:
Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleated with them) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) having said: He who is invited to a wedding feast
or like it, he should accept it.
Book 008, Number 3343:
" Abdullah b. Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's
Messen- ger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Come to the feast, when
you are invited.
Book 008, Number 3344:
Nafil reported: I heard Abdullah b. Umar (Allah be pleased with them)
narrating that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Accept
the feast when you are invited to it. And Abdullah (b. Umar) used to
come to the feast, whether it was a wedding feast or other than that,
and he would come there even in the state of fasting.
Book 008, Number 3345:
Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) having said: When you are invited to a feast (even
though it is) the leg of the sheep, you should accept it.
Book 008, Number 3346:
Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (may
peace he upon him) said: When any one of you is invited to a feast,
he should accept it. He may eat if he likes, or he may abandon (eating)
if he likes. Ibn Mathanni did not make mention of the word" feast".
Book 008, Number 3347:
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Abd Zubair
with the same chain of transmitters.
Book 008, Number 3348:
Abu Haraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as saying: If any one of you is invited, he should
accept (the invitation). In case he is fasting, he should pray (in order
to bless the inmates of the house), and if he is not fasting he should
eat.
Book 008, Number 3349:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) used to say: The worst kind
of food is the wedding feast to which the rich are invited and the poor
are ignored. He who does not come to the feast, he in fact disobeys
Allah and His Messenger (may peace be upon him).
Book 008, Number 3350:
Sufyan reported: I said to Zuhri: Abu Bakr, what does this hadith mean:"
The worst kind of food is at a wedding feast of the rich"? He laughed
and said: The food served in the feast given by the rich is not worst
(in itself). Sufyan said: My father was rich, so I felt disturbed when
I heard this hadith, so I asked Zuhri who said: I heard from 'Abd al-Rahman
al-Alraj that he heard Abu Huraira (Allah he pleased with him) say:
The worst kind of food is that served at the wedding feast. The rest
of the hadith is the same.
Book 008, Number 3351:
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira (Allah
be pleased with him) through another chain of transmitters.
Book 008, Number 3352:
A hadith like this has been narrated by Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased
with him) through another chain of transmitters.
Book 008, Number 3353:
Abu Haraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him) as saying. The worst kind of food is at the wedding
feast from which one who comes is turned away, and he who refuses it
is invited, and he who did not accept the invitation disobeyed Allah
and His Messenger (may peace be upon him).
Chapter 17: IT IS NOT PERMISSIBLE TO MARRY A WOMAN WHO IS DIVORCED BY THREE PRONOUNCEMENTS UNTIL SHE IS MARRIED TO ANOTHER MAN AND HE HAS A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HER, AND THEN HE ABANDONS HER AND SHE COMPLETES HER 'IDDA
Book 008, Number 3354:
'A'isha (Allah he pleased with her) reported: There came the wife of
Rifa'a to Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) and said: I was married
to Rifa'a but he divorced me, making may divorce irrevocable. Afterwards
I married Abd al-Rahman b. al-Zubair, but all he possesses is like the
fringe of a garment (i. e. he is sexually weak). Thereupon Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) smiled, and said: Do you wish to return to Rifa'a.
(You) cannot (do it) until you have tasted his sweetness and he ('Abd
al-Rahman) has tasted your sweetness. Abu Bakr was at that time near
him (the Holy Prophet) and Khalid (b. Sa'id) was at the door waiting
for the permission to be granted to him to enter), He (Khalid) said;
Abu Bakr, do you hear what she is saying loudly in the presence of Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him)?
Book 008, Number 3355:
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her), the wife of Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him), reported that Rifa'a al-Quraid (Allah be pleased
with him) divorced his wife, making her divorce irrevocable. Afterwards
she married Abd at-Rahman b. al-Zubair (Allah be pleased with him),
She came to Allah'sApostle (may peace be upon him and said to Allah's
messenger (may peace be upon him) that she had been the wife of Rifa'a
(Allah be pleased with him) and he had divorced her by three pronouncements
and afterwards she married 'Abd al-Rahman b. al-Zubair. By Allah, all
he possesses is like the fringe of a garment, and she took hold of the
fringe of her garment. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) laughed and said: Perhaps you wish to return to Rifa'a, (but you)
cannot (do it) until he has tasted your sweetness and you have tasted
his sweetness. Abu Bakr al-siddiq (Allah be pleased with him) was sitting
at that time with Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) and Khalid
b. Sa'id b. al-'As (Allah be pleased with him) was sitting at the door
of his apartment and he was not permitted to (enter the room), and Kbalid
called loudly saying: Abu Bakr, why don't you scold her for what she
is saying loudly in the presence of Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him)?
Book 008, Number 3356:
'A'isha (Allah bjpl'eased with her) reported that Rifa'a al Qurazi divorced
his wife and afterwards Abd al-Rahman b. al-Zubair married her. She
came to Allah's Apostle (may peace he upon him) and said: Messenger
of Allah, Rifa'a has divorced me by three pronouncements. (The rest
of the hadith is the same.)
Book 008, Number 3357:
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) was asked about a woman whom a man married and
then divorced her, and then she married (another) person, and she was
divorced before sexual intercourse with her, whether it was lawful for
her first husband (to marry her in this state). He (the Holy Prophet)
said: No, until he has tasted her sweetness.
Book 008, Number 3358:
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Hisham with
the same chain of transmitters.
Book 008, Number 3359:
'A'Asha (Allah be pleased with her) reported: A person divorced his
wife by three pronouncements; then another person married her and he
also divorced her without having sexual intercourse with her. Then the
first husband of her intended to remarry her. It was about such a case
that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) was asked, whereupon
he said: No, until the second one has tasted her sweetness as the first
one had tasted.
Book 008, Number 3360:
A hadith like this has been narrated on the same chain of transmitters
by 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her).
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Chapter 18: WHAT IS TO BE SUPPLICATED AT THE TIME OF SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
Book 008, Number 3361:
Ibn" Abbas (Allah be pleased with thern) reported that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: If anyone amongst you intends
to go to his wife he should say: In the name of Allah,0 Allah protect
us against Satan and keep away the Satan from the one that you have
bestowed upon us, and if He has ordained a male child for them, Satan
will never be able to do any harm to him.
Book 008, Number 3362:
This hadith is narrated through another chain of transmitters and there
is no mention of (the words)" Bismillah" (In the name of Allah)
in it.
Chapter 19: PERMISSIBILITY OF HAVING SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH ONE'S WIFE FROM THE FRONT OR FROM BEHIND AVOIDING THE ANUS
Book 008, Number 3363:
Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) declared that the Jews used to say:
When a man has intercourse with his wife through the vagina but being
on her back. the child will have squint, so the verse came down:"
Your wives are your tilth; go then unto your tilth as you may desire"
(ii. 223)
Book 008, Number 3364:
Jabir (b. Abdullah) (Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Jews
used to say that when one comes to one's wife through the vagina, but
being on her back, and she becomes pregnant, the child has a squint.
So the verse came down:" Your wives are your ti'Ith; go then unto
your tilth, as you may desire."
Book 008, Number 3365:
This hadith has been reported on the authority of Jabir through another
chain of transmitters, but in the hadith transmitted on the authority
of Zuhri there is an addition (of these words):" If he likes he
may (have intercourse) being on the back or in front of her, but it
should be through one opening (vagina)."
Chapter 20: IT IS NOT PERMISSIBLE FOR A WOMAN TO ABANDON THE BED OF HER HUSBAND
Book 008, Number 3366:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Apostle
(may peace be upon him) said: When a woman spends the night away from
the bed of her husband, the angels curse her until morning. This hadith
has been narrated through the same chain of transmitters (with a slight
variation):" He said: Until she comes back."
Book 008, Number 3367:
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as saying: By Him in Whose Hand is my life, when
a man calls his wife to his bed, and she does not respond, the One Who
is in the heaven is displeased with her until he (her husband) is pleased
with her.
Book 008, Number 3368:
Abu Huraira (Allah he pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may,
peace be upon him) as saying: When a man invites his wife to his bed
and she does not come, and he (the husband) spends the sight being angry
with her, the angels curse her until morning.
Chapter 21: IT IS FORBIDDEN TO DIVULGE THE SECRET OF THE WOMAN
Book 008, Number 3369:
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (Allah he pleased with him) reported that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upoin him) said: The most wicked among the people
in the eye of Allah on the Day of judgment is the men who goes to his
wife and she comes to him, and then he divulges her secret.
Book 008, Number 3370:
Abu Sirma al-Khudri (Allah he pleased with him ) reported Allah's Messen-
ger (may peace be upon him) as saying: The most important of the trusts
in the sight of Allah on the Day of judgment is that a man goes to his
wife and she goes to him (and the breach of this trust is) that he should
divulge her secret Ibn Numair narrates this hadith with a slight change
of wording.
Chapter 22: AL AZL (INCOMPLETE SEXUAL INTERCOURSE): COITUS INTERRUPTUS
Book 008, Number 3371:
Abu Sirma said to Abu Sa'id al Khadri (Allah he pleased with him): 0
Abu Sa'id, did you hear Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) mentioning
al-'azl? He said: Yes, and added: We went out with Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) on the expedition to the Bi'l-Mustaliq and took
captive some excellent Arab women; and we desired them, for we were
suffering from the absence of our wives, (but at the same time) we also
desired ransom for them. So we decided to have sexual intercourse with
them but by observing 'azl (Withdrawing the male sexual organ before
emission of semen to avoid-conception). But we said: We are doing an
act whereas Allah's Messenger is amongst us; why not ask him? So we
asked Allah's Mes- senger (may peace be upon him), and he said: It does
not matter if you do not do it, for every soul that is to be born up
to the Day of Resurrection will be born.
Book 008, Number 3372:
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Habban with
the same chain of transmitters (but with this alteration) that he said:"
Allah has ordained whom he has to createuntil the Day of judgment."
Book 008, Number 3373:
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (Allah be pleased with him) reported: We took women
captives, and we wanted to do 'azl with them. We then asked Allah's
Messen- ger (may peace be upon him) about it, and he said to us: Verily
you do it, verily you do it, verily you do it, but the soul which has
to be born until the Day of judg- ment must be born.
Book 008, Number 3374:
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (Allah be pleased with him) (was asked if he had
heard it himself), to which he said: Yes. (I heard) Allah's Apostle
(may peace be upon him) as saying: There is no harm if you do not practise
it, for it (the birth of the child) is something ordained (by Allah).
Book 008, Number 3375:
This hadith is reported on the authority of Abu Sa'id with the same
chain of transmitters but with a slight variation (of words).
Book 008, Number 3376:
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's
Apostle (may peace be upon him) was asked about 'azl, whereupon he said:
There is no harm if you do not do that, for it (the birth of the child)
is something ordained. Muhammad (one of the narrators) said: (The words)
La 'alaykum (there is no harm) implies its Prohibition.
Book 008, Number 3377:
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (Allah be pleased with him) reported that mention
was made of 'azl in the presence of Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon
him) whereupon he said: Why do you practise it? They said: There is
a man whose wife has to suckle the child, and if that person has a sexual
intercourse with her (she may conceive) which he does not like, and
there is another person who has a slave-girl and he has a sexual intercourse
with her, but he does not like her to have conception so that she may
not become Umm Walad, whereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: There is
no harm if you do not do that, for that (the birth of the child) is
something pre- ordained. Ibn 'Aun said: I made a mention of this hadith
to Hasan, and he said: By Allah, (it seems) as if there is upbraiding
in it (for 'azl).
Book 008, Number 3378:
Ibn 'Aun reported: I reported to Muhammad on the authority of Ibrahim
the hadith reported by 'Abd al-Rahmann b. Bishr (the hadith concerning
'azl), where- upon he said: That (hadith) Abd al-Rahman b. Bishr had
narrated to me (also).
Book 008, Number 3379:
Ma'bad b. Sirin said to Abu Sa'id (Allah be pleased with him): Did you
hear Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) making a mention of something
in regard to al-'azl? Thereupon he said: Yes. The rest (of the hadith
is the same)
Book 008, Number 3380:
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (Allah be pleased with him) reported: Mention was
made about al-'azl in the presence of Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him), whereupon he said: Why any one of you practises it? (He did
not say: One of you should not do it), for there is no created soul,
whose creator is not Allah.
Book 008, Number 3381:
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) was asked about 'azl, whereupon he
said: The child does not come from all the liquid (sermen) and when
Allah intends to create anything nothing can prevent it (from coming
into existence).
Book 008, Number 3382:
A hadith like this has been transmitted by Abu Sa'id from Allah's Apostle
(may peace be upon him).
Book 008, Number 3383:
Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man came to Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) and said: I have a slave-girl who
is our servant and she carries water for us and I have intercourse with
her, but I do not want her to conceive. He said: Practise 'azl, if you
so like, but what is decreed for her will come to her. The person stayed
back (for some time) and then came and said: The girl has become pr